Managing Volumes
A volume is a detachable block storage device, similar to a USB hard
drive. You can attach a volume to only one instance. To create and
manage volumes, you use a combination of nova and cinder client
commands.
To create a volume based on an image:
-
List available images and note the ID of the image to use for your volume.
$ openstack image list | ID | Name | Status | |--------------|---------------------------------------|--------| | <image_id> | Windows10-3 | active | | <image_id> | ubuntu_1204_server_cloudimg_amd64 | active | | <image_id> | test-my-first-snapshot | active | | <image_id> | Ubuntu-Server-16.04-CloudImage-raw | active | -
List availability zones and note the Zone Name of the AZ to create your volume.
$ openstack availability zone list | Zone Name | Zone Status | |-----------|-------------| | internal | available | | dev | available | -
Create a volume with 8 gibibytes (GiB) of space; specify the availability zone and image.
$ openstack volume create <VOLUME_NAME> --size <SIZE> --image <IMAGE_ID> --availability-zone <AZ> +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | attachments | [] | | availability_zone | <az_name> | | bootable | false | | consistencygroup_id | None | | created_at | 2017-05-15T19:22:20.562347 | | description | None | | encrypted | False | | id | <volume_id> | | migration_status | None | | multiattach | False | | name | <volume_name> | | properties | | | replication_status | disabled | | size | 8 | | snapshot_id | None | | source_volid | None | | status | creating | | type | ceph | | user_id | <user_id> | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ -
Verify that your volume was created successfully.
$ openstack volume list | ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to | |--------------|-----------------|-----------|------|-------------| | <volume_id> | my-new-volume | available | 8 | | | <volume_id> | my-bootable-vol | available | 8 | |If your volume was created successfully, its status is
available. If its status iserror, you may have exceeded your quota.
To create a volume using a Volume Type:
-
Add the
--volume typeparamenter when creating a volume.$ openstack volume create --name <VOLUME_NAME> --volume-type <VOLUME_TYPE> <SIZE>Note
If the parameters are not set, the Block Storage service usesdefault_volume_type, which is defined in Metacloud based on your storage configuration:nfs,ceph,nimble,solidfire, orpure. -
List images and note the ID of the image to use.
$ openstack image list | ID | Name | Status | |--------------|------------------------------------|--------| | <image_id> | Windows10-3 | active | | <image_id> | ubuntu_1204_server_cloudimg_amd64 | active | | <image_id> | test-my-first-snapshot | active | | <image_id> | Ubuntu-Server-16.04-CloudImage-raw | active | -
Create the volume.
$ openstack volume create <VOLUME_NAME> --image <IMAGE_ID> --size <SIZE> --availablilty zone <AZ> --type <VOLUME_TYPE> +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | attachments | [] | | availability_zone | stage1 | | bootable | false | | consistencygroup_id | None | | created_at | 2017-05-15T20:32:25.386999 | | description | None | | encrypted | False | | id | <volume_id> | | migration_status | None | | multiattach | False | | name | EXAMPLE1 | | properties | | | replication_status | disabled | | size | 3 | | snapshot_id | None | | source_volid | None | | status | creating | | type | ceph | | user_id | <user_id> | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+
To attach a volume to an instance:
-
Attach your volume to a server.
$ openstack server add volume <INSTANCE_ID> <VOLUME_ID> --device <DEVICE_NAME>Note the ID of your volume.
-
Show information for your volume.
$ openstack volume show <VOLUME_ID> +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | attachments | [{u'server_id': u'<server_id>', u'attachment_id': u'<attachment_id>',u'host_name': None, | | | u'volume_id': u'<volume_id>', u'device': u'/dev/vdb', u'id': u'<volume_id>'}] | | availability_zone | stage1 | | bootable | false | | consistencygroup_id | None | | created_at | 2017-05-15T18:24:13.000000 | | description | None | | encrypted | False | | id | <volume_id> | | migration_status | None | | multiattach | False | | name | hg-test-vol | | os-vol-host-attr:host | Host.AZ@volume-type#volume-type | | os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat | None | | os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id | None | | os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id | <tenant_id> | | os-volume-replication:driver_data | None | | os-volume-replication:extended_status | None | | properties | attached_mode='rw', readonly='False' | | replication_status | disabled | | size | 40 | | snapshot_id | None | | source_volid | None | | status | in-use | | type | ceph | | user_id | <user_id> | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
To resize a volume:
-
Detach the volume from your server.
$ openstack server remove volume <INSTANCE_ID> <VOLUME_ID>The
remove volumecommand does not return any output. -
List available volumes.
$ openstack volume list | ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to | |--------------|-----------------|-----------|------|-------------| | <volume_id> | my-new-volume | available | 8 | | | <volume_id> | my-bootable-vol | available | 8 | | -
Resize the volume.
$ cinder extend <VOLUME_ID> <SIZE>The
extendcommand does not return any output.
To delete a volume:
-
Detach the volume from your server.
$ openstack server remove volume <INSTANCE_ID> <VOLUME_ID> -
Delete the volume using either the volume name or ID.
$ openstack volume delete <VOLUME_ID>The
deletecommand does not return any output. -
List the volumes again, and note that the status of your volume is
deleting.$ openstack volume list | ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to | |--------------|-----------------|-----------|------|-------------| | <volume_id> | my-new-volume | deleting | 8 | | | <volume_id> | my-bootable-vol | available | 8 | | | <volume_id> | cloudimg_amd64 | available | 8 | |When the volume is deleted, it does not display in the list of volumes.
$ openstack volume list | ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to | |--------------|-----------------|-----------|------|-------------| | <volume_id> | my-bootable-vol | available | 8 | | | <volume_id> | cloudimg_amd64 | available | 8 | |